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MMT V

Lower Extremity Pain and Dysfunction 

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Question 1 of 40

The acetabulum of the hip joint articulates with the...

A

sacrum

B

head of the femur

C

greater trochanter

D

ischium

Question 2 of 40

The _____________________ is made up of the ileum, ischium and pubis.

A

knee

B

sacrum

C

femur

D

innominate bone

Question 3 of 40

The following muscle is not a hip extensor

A

biceps femoris

B

gluteus maximus

C

rectus femoris

D

adductor magnus

Question 4 of 40

These two muscles both flex and laterally rotate the femur.

A

quadratus femoris, gluteus medius

B

iliopsoas, sartorius

C

piriformis, gluteus maximus

D

rectus femoris, gracillis

Question 5 of 40

The sciatic nerve separates into the

A

gluteal & obturator nerves

B

femoral and tibial nerves

C

tibial and peroneal nerves

D

femoral and gluteal nerves

Question 6 of 40

The ________________ is not part of the knee joint.

A

patella

B

tibia

C

femur

D

fibula

Question 7 of 40

The medial and lateral menisci

A

bind the femur and tibia together.

B

hold the patella in place.

C

form “cups” to support and receive the femoral condyles.

D

prevent the tibia and femur from displacing forward and backward.

Question 8 of 40

The ankle joint performs

A

dorsiflexion

B

plantar flexion

C

eversion and inversion

D

A & B

Question 9 of 40

Muscles that flex the toes are found

A

in the posterior and lateral calf

B

in the anterior calf

C

in the posterior calf

D

in the anterior and lateral calf

Question 10 of 40

There are ________ compartments in the lower leg.

A

two

B

four

C

six

D

three

Question 11 of 40

Genu valgum is

A

flat feet

B

pelvic tilt

C

knock knees

D

bow legs

Question 12 of 40

An iliac crest that appears higher on the right than on the left is a pelvic tilt observed in the _______________plane.

A

sagittal

B

coronal

C

transverse

D

none of the above

Question 13 of 40

Why is it important to not only test AROM of the lower extremity, but to also muscle test each movement with resistance?

A

Because the function of the muscles of the lower extremity are weight bearing

B

to find out which muscles are strong and compensating

C

to identify muscle weakness and atrophy

D

all of the above

Question 14 of 40

Gait is best observed

A

with the client’s shoes off

B

with the client’s shoes on

C

watching them walk away from you

D

as they walk with their best posture

Question 15 of 40

Osteoarthritis is

A

a degenerative auto immune condition affecting the bones

B

loss of calcium from the bones

C

inflammation and degeneration of the articular cartilage, synovial membrane and bony structure of a joint

D

B & C

Question 16 of 40

The ligament most commonly associated with the piriformis syndrome is the

A

sacroiliac

B

iliolumbar

C

sacrospinous

D

sacrotuberous

Question 17 of 40

Pseudo-sciatica is caused by

A

trigger points from gluteus medius & minimus

B

lumbar disc herniation

C

sitting on a fat wallet

D

lateral femoral cutaneous nerve entrapment

Question 18 of 40

Which knee ligament, when injured, is associated with a medial meniscus tear?

A

anterior cruciate

B

medial collateral

C

lateral collateral

D

posterior cruciate

Question 19 of 40

Factors influencing patellofemoral stress syndrome are

A

increased Q angle & hypertoned hamstrings and gastrocnemius

B

sciatica and lordosis

C

SI joint dysfunction and osteoarthritis

D

bursitis and chondromalacia

Question 20 of 40

Crepitation is

A

premature aging

B

ligament laxity

C

clicking, cracking and grinding sound upon joint movement

D

water on the knee

Question 21 of 40

Shin splints are related to overuse of

A

tibialis anterior

B

gastrocnemius

C

tibialis posterior

D

A & C

Question 22 of 40

Compartment syndrome

A

appears very swollen and discolored

B

compresses nerves, muscles and blood vessels

C

may be a medical emergency, massage is contraindicated

D

all of the above

Question 23 of 40

______________________ comprise 85% of all ankle sprains.

A

achilles tendon injuries

B

inversion ankle sprains

C

3rd degree ankle sprains

D

plantar fasciitis

Question 24 of 40

Plantar fasciitis

A

may not be an inflammatory process

B

presents with tenderness and or burning pain upon weight bearing

C

should be treated with ice to soften the tissue

D

A & B

Question 25 of 40

Tarsal tunnel syndrome involves the tendon entrapment of muscles found in the

A

anterior lower leg

B

lateral lower leg

C

dorsal foot

D

deep posterior calf

Question 26 of 40

Which statement is not correct?

A

Direct pressure on an acute neuroma is contraindicated.

B

Heat on plantar fasciitis aggravates the condition.

C

Do not massage or use heat over acute bursitis.

D

Avoid pressure on acute tenosynovitis.

Question 27 of 40

A positive Ober test indicates

A

hip adduction limitation

B

hip flexion limitation

C

hip osteoarthritis

D

iliotibial band weakness

Question 28 of 40

The __________________ tests are perforned to observe instability caused by cruciate ligament sprains.

A

Ober

B

Valgus Stress

C

Tinel’s Sign

D

Drawer

Question 29 of 40

Positive tests for knee ligament instability

A

result in a referral to a physician for further diagnosis and treatment

B

is an indication for PROM and joint stretching

C

is an indication to treat the muscles that surround the knee followed by an ice pack on the knee

D

A & C

Question 30 of 40

A hyperpronated foot may result in

A

tarsal tunnel syndrome

B

posterior shin splints

C

A & B

D

anterior compartment syndrome

Question 31 of 40

The Apley Distraction test may indicate

A

ligament sprain

B

meniscus tear

C

chondromalacia

D

osteoporosis

Question 32 of 40

Morton’s neuroma is located

A

on the calcaneus

B

on the medial border of the big toe

C

between the 3rd and 4th metatarsal head

D

on the medial malleolus next to the tibial nerve

Question 33 of 40

Pelvic rotational asymmetry may be associated with

A

functional leg length discrepancy

B

Q angle changes

C

SI joint injuries

D

all of the above

Question 34 of 40

Arteriosclerosis symptoms in a leg may include all but

A

heat, redness & swelling

B

aching pain especially after sitting with knees flexed

C

cooler than the other leg with cyanotic toe nail color

D

absence or diminished pedal pulse

Question 35 of 40

If a deep vein thrombosis is suspected

A

do not perform massage on the area and refer the client to the emergency room or their physician

B

do gentle massage toward the heart to decrease swelling and pain

C

use cold packs to manage swelling and pain

D

none of the above

Question 36 of 40

Gliding strokes are applied toward the heart

A

to facilitate the best blood and lymph movement through these vessels

B

to protect the integrity of the venous valves

C

to prevent further damage to weak and swollen veins that may not be observable

D

all of the above

Question 37 of 40

Inflammation (pain, redness, swelling, heat) symptoms of acute ankle injuries

A

may get better with weight bearing

B

are best managed with rest and swelling management

C

will get better by taking pain medicine

D

are treated with heat and exercise

Question 38 of 40

Therapy contraindications for diabetic neuropathy are

A

do no massage therapy

B

do not perform full body massage

C

deep pressure and hydrotherapy not given over affected areas

D

do not use hydrotherapy

Question 39 of 40

When clients have had joint replacement surgery

A

ask for guidelines for movement restrictions from their PTs or physicians

B

refrain from massage therapy over the healed surgical sites

C

do only lymphatic massage on the affected extremity

D

all of the above

Question 40 of 40

To begin movement after a lower extremity injury

A

walking is best

B

repeating AROM out of pain range, gets the muscles gently functioning again and aids healing

C

use heat then resistance exercises to strengthen the muscles

D

first stretch to regain flexibility of scar tissue

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